Sunday, October 30, 2011

La Montaña de Montserrat


Queremos compartir con vosotros una de las montañas más emblemáticas y hermosas de Catalunya. Hemos ido este fin de semana y nos ha encantado.



El Parque Natural de la Montañade Montserrat es una unidad geográfica única en el medio natural de Cataluña. Una unidad perfectamente individualizada y homogénea por lo que respecta a sus características geológicas y geomórficas. Y un macizo único en el mundo por sus dimensiones y formas tan singulares y espectaculares.

La montaña fue declarada oficialmente Parque Natural en 1987 para garantizar su conservación y es el Patronato de la Montaña de Montserrat quien lo gestiona.

El origen geológico del macizo de Montserrat es sedimentario, y sus rocas están constituidas por un conglomerado de guijarros asentados en cemento calcáreo.

En el transcurso de los milenios, los movimientos tectónicos, los cambios climáticos y la erosión, han acabado modelando un relieve brusco, con grandes paredes y bloques redondeados. En sus entrañas, los agentes físicos han abierto cuevas, simas y cavernas.

El bosque mediterráneo por excelencia es también el tipo de vegetación predominante en Parque Natural de la Montaña de Montserrat.

El encinar, junto con variados sotobosques y hasta 1.250 especies de plantas, cubre gran parte de la montaña.

No obstante, hay muchos otros tipos de vegetación, que tiñen de colores la montaña: el pino blanco, el arce, el tilo, el mostajo, el avellano, el acebo, el boje, el roble, el madroño y el tejo.

Lobos, ciervos, corzos y grandes rapaces han ido desapareciendo de Montserrat. Actualmente, en el Parque Natural de la Montaña de Montserrat, encontramos aves como los vencejos, arañeros, garduñas, palomas torcaces, tordos, reyezuelos y currucas.

Entre los mamíferos destacan las ardillas, las ginetas, los murciélagos y los jabalíes, así como las cabras montesas, de reciente introducción. También encontramos reptiles como las víboras ibéricas y anfibios como la salamandra.

La caza se reduce a una zona controlada, donde sólo se llevan a cabo algunas batidas de jabalíes.

En el interior del Parque Natural de la Montaña de Montserrat destaca Santa María de Montserrat. Monasterio benedictino dedicado al culto de la Virgen de Montserrat. En el Monasterio de Santa María de Montserrat, historia, arte y cultura se dan cita como en pocos lugares de Catalunya.








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